[Table of Contents]

Plasma and Fusion Research

Volume 8, 2102032 (2013)

Review Articles


Particle and Momentum Transport in Tokamak Plasmas, the Complicated Path towards the Experimental Validation of the Theoretical Predictions of Transport in Fusion Plasmas
Clemente ANGIONI
Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, D-85478 Garching, Germany
(Received 16 November 2012 / Accepted 5 March 2013 / Published 23 April 2013)

Abstract

Recent research on turbulent transport of particle and toroidal momentum in the core of tokamak plasmas is reviewed. Similarities and differences between these two transport channels are briefly presented, highlighting the common feature that both include large off-diagonal components in the radial flux. The main goal of the review is to provide selected recent examples of validation studies in these topical areas, and, thereby, to outline an efficient route to validation in the complex field of transport studies dedicated to transport channels which include important off-diagonal components.


Keywords

particle and toroidal momentum transport, tokamak plasma, off-diagonal turbulent transport, comparison between theory and experiment, validation

DOI: 10.1585/pfr.8.2102032


References

  • [1] C. Angioni, E. Fable, M. Greenwald, H. Takenaga and H. Weisen, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 51, 124017 (2009).
  • [2] J.E. Rice, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 123, 012003 (2008).
  • [3] J.S. deGrassie, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 51, 124047 (2009).
  • [4] A.G. Peeters et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 094027 (2011).
  • [5] C. Angioni et al., Nucl. Fusion 52, 114003 (2012).
  • [6] P.W. Terry et al., Phys. Plasmas 15, 062503 (2008).
  • [7] M. Greenwald, Phys. Plasmas 17, 058101 (2010).
  • [8] N. Mattor and P.H. Diamond, Phys. Fluids 31, 1180 (1988).
  • [9] G.T. Hoang, C. Bourdelle, B. Pégourié, B. Schunke et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 155002 (2003).
  • [10] F. Wagner and U. Stroth, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 35, 1321 (1993).
  • [11] K.W. Gentle, B. Richards and F. Waelbroek, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 29, 1077 (1987).
  • [12] K. Nagashima et al., Nucl. Fusion 34, 449 (1994).
  • [13] K. Ida et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1990 (1995).
  • [14] L.-G. Eriksson et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 39, 27 (1997).
  • [15] J.E. Rice et al., Nucl. Fusion 38, 1 (1998).
  • [16] A. Bortolon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 235003 (2006).
  • [17] J.S. deGrassie et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 056115 (2007).
  • [18] J.E. Rice et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 50, 124042 (2008).
  • [19] W.M. Solomon et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 49, B313 (2007).
  • [20] F.L. Hinton and R.D. Hazeltine Rev. Mod. Phys. 48, 239 (1976).
  • [21] E. Fable et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 52, 015007 (2010).
  • [22] A.G. Peeters and C. Angioni, Phys. Plasmas 12, 72515 (2005).
  • [23] P.H. Diamond et al., Phys. Plasmas 15, 012303 (2008).
  • [24] F. Parra et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 062501 (2011).
  • [25] G.M. Staebler et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 056106 (2011).
  • [26] A.G. Peeters et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 265003 (2007).
  • [27] T.S. Hahm et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 072302 (2007).
  • [28] R.E. Waltz et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 122507 (2007).
  • [29] Y. Camenen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 125001 (2009).
  • [30] Y. Camenen et al., Phys. Plasmas 16, 062501 (2009).
  • [31] R.R. Dominguez and G.M. Staebler, Phys. Fluids B 5, 3876 (1993).
  • [32] X. Garbet et al., Phys. Plasmas 9, 3893 (2002).
  • [33] Ö.D. Gürcan et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 042306 (2007).
  • [34] F.J. Casson et al., Phys. Plasmas 16, 092303 (2009).
  • [35] R.E. Waltz et al., Phys. Plasmas 18, 042504 (2011).
  • [36] B. Coppi and N. Sharky, Nucl. Fusion 21, 1363 (1981).
  • [37] J. Weiland, A.B. Jarmén and H. Nordman, Nucl. Fusion 29, 1810 (1989).
  • [38] V.V. Yankov, JETP Lett. 60, 171 (1994).
  • [39] M.B. Isichenko, A.V. Gruzinov and P.H. Diamond, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4436 (1995).
  • [40] X. Garbet, L. Garzotti, P. Mantica et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 035001 (2003).
  • [41] D.R. Baker, Phys. Plasmas 11, 992 (2004).
  • [42] D.R. Baker and M.N. Rosenbluth, Phys. Plasmas 5, 2936 (1998).
  • [43] D.R. Baker, M.R. Wade, C.C. Petty, M.N. Rosenbluth et al., Nucl. Fusion 40, 1003 (2000).
  • [44] H. Weisen, I. Furno, S. Alberti et al., Nucl. Fusion 42, 136 (2002).
  • [45] H. Weisen, A. Zabolotsky, X. Garbet et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 46, 751 (2004).
  • [46] G.T. Hoang, C. Bourdelle, X. Garbet et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 135003 (2004).
  • [47] M. Romanelli, G.T. Hoang, C. Bourdelle et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 49, 935 (2007).
  • [48] C. Angioni, A.G. Peeters, G.V. Pereverzev et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 205003 (2003).
  • [49] H. Weisen, A. Zabolotsky, C. Angioni et al., Nucl. Fusion 45, L1 (2005).
  • [50] R.M. Gilgenbach et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 44, 647 (1980).
  • [51] A.C. Riviere, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 28, 1263 (1986).
  • [52] TFR Group, Nucl. Fusion 28, 1995 (1988).
  • [53] H. Weisen, I. Furno and TCV Team, Nucl. Fusion 41, 1227 (2001).
  • [54] C. Angioni, A.G. Peeters, X. Garbet et al., Nucl. Fusion 44, 827 (2004).
  • [55] C. Angioni, A.G. Peeters, F. Ryter et al., Phys. Plasmas 12, 040701 (2005).
  • [56] H. Weisen, A. Zabolotsky, M. Maslov et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 47, A457 (2006).
  • [57] C. Angioni, H. Weisen, O.J.W.F. Kardaun et al., Nucl. Fusion 47, 1326 (2007).
  • [58] M. Greenwald, C. Angioni, J.W. Hughes, J. Terry and H. Weisen, Nucl. Fusion 47, L26 (2007).
  • [59] C. Angioni, A.G. Peeters, G.V. Pereverzev et al., Phys. Plasmas 10, 3225 (2003).
  • [60] C. Angioni, J. Candy, E. Fable, M. Maslov, R.E. Waltz and H. Weisen, Phys. Plasmas 16, 060702 (2009).
  • [61] M. Maslov, C. Angioni and H. Weisen, Nucl. Fusion 49, 075037 (2009).
  • [62] C. Angioni, R.M. McDermott, E. Fable et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 023006 (2011).
  • [63] J.C. DeBoo, C. Holland, T.L. Rhodes, L. Schmitz, G. Wang, A.E. White, M.E. Austin, E.J. Doyle, J. Hillesheim, W.A. Peebles, C.C. Petty, Z. Yan and L. Zeng, Phys. Plasmas 17, 056105 (2010).
  • [64] L. Lin, M. Porkolab, E.M. Edlund, J.C. Rost, M. Greenwald, N. Tsujii, J. Candy, R.E. Waltz and D.R. Mikkelsen, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 51, 065006 (2009).
  • [65] A.E. White, W.A. Peebles, T.L. Rhodes, C.H. Holland, G. Wang, L. Schmitz, T.A. Carter, J.C. Hillesheim, E.J. Doyle, L. Zeng, G.R. McKee, G.M. Staebler, R.E. Waltz, J.C. DeBoo, C.C. Petty and K.H. Burrell, Phys. Plasmas 17, 056103 (2010).
  • [66] F. Ryter et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 085001 (2005).
  • [67] M. Fröjdh, M. Liljeström and H. Nordman, Nucl. Fusion 32, 419 (1992).
  • [68] X. Garbet, N. Dubuit, E. Asp et al., Phys. Plasmas 12, 082511 (2005).
  • [69] C. Angioni and A.G. Peeters, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 095003 (2006).
  • [70] C. Bourdelle, X. Garbet, F. Imbeaux et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 112501 (2007).
  • [71] Y. Camenen et al., Phys. Plasmas 16, 012503 (2009).
  • [72] F.J. Casson et al., submitted to Nucl. Fusion (2013).
  • [73] S. Suckewer et al., Nucl. Fusion 21, 1301 (1981).
  • [74] K.H. Burrell et al., Nucl. Fusion 28, 3 (1988).
  • [75] H. Weisen et al., Nucl. Fusion 29, 2187 (1989).
  • [76] S.D. Scott et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 531 (1990).
  • [77] A. Kallenbach et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 33, 595 (1991).
  • [78] N. Asakura et al., Nucl. Fusion 33, 1165 (1993).
  • [79] M. Yoshida et al., Nucl. Fusion 47, 856 (2007).
  • [80] T. Tala et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 075001 (2009).
  • [81] W.M. Solomon et al., Nucl. Fusion 49, 085005 (2009).
  • [82] M. Yoshida et al., Nucl. Fusion 49, 115028 (2009).
  • [83] P. Mantica et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 092505 (2010).
  • [84] T. Tala, A. Salmi, C. Angioni et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 123002 (2011).
  • [85] M. Yoshida et al., Nucl. Fusion 52, 123005 (2012).
  • [86] T. Tala et al., IAEA-FEC 2012.
  • [87] W.M. Solomon, S. Kaye, R.E. Bell et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 065004 (2008).
  • [88] S. Kaye, W.M. Solomon, R.E. Bell et al., Nucl. Fusion 49, 045010 (2009).
  • [89] H. Weisen et al., Nucl. Fusion 52, 042001 (2012).
  • [90] H. Weisen et al., Nucl. Fusion 52, 114024 (2012).
  • [91] D. Escande and F. Sattin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 125007 (2012).
  • [92] A. Scarabosio et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 48, 663 (2006).
  • [93] B.P. Duval et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 49, B195 (2007).
  • [94] B.P. Duval et al., Phys. Plasmas 15, 056113 (2008).
  • [95] J.E. Rice et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 083005 (2011).
  • [96] R.M. McDermott et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 53, 124013 (2011).
  • [97] C. Angioni et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 215003 (2011).
  • [98] J.E. Rice et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 265001 (2011).
  • [99] Y. Camenen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 135003 (2010).
  • [100] Y. Camenen et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 52, 124037 (2010).
  • [101] W. Solomon et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 056108 (2010).
  • [102] Y. Xu et al., submitted to Nucl. Fusion (2013).
  • [103] J.S. deGrassie et al., Nucl. Fusion 49, 085020 (2009).
  • [104] J.E. Rice et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 215001 (2011).
  • [105] T. Stoltzfus-Dueck, Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 065002 (2012).
  • [106] S.H. Müller et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 115001 (2011).
  • [107] W. Solomon et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 073010 (2011).
  • [108] Y. Shi, IAEA FEC 2012, EX/2-3.
  • [109] J. Seol et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 195003 (2012).
  • [110] Y. Camenen et al., Nucl. Fusion 51, 073039 (2011).
  • [111] Ö.D. Gürcan et al., Phys. Plasmas 17, 032509 (2010).
  • [112] M.L. Reinke et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 55, 012001 (2013).

This paper may be cited as follows:

Clemente ANGIONI, Plasma Fusion Res. 8, 2102032 (2013).