[Table of Contents]

Plasma and Fusion Research

Volume 5, S1009 (2010)

Regular Articles


Status of Plasma Facing Material Studies and Issues toward DEMO
Yoshio UEDA
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
(Received 18 January 2009 / Accepted 11 May 2009 / Published 26 March 2010)

Abstract

This review paper presents status of research activity of plasma facing materials, mostly tungsten and critical issues towards DEMO reactors. A helium effect on tungsten surface morphology and its impact on fusion reactors and a pulsed heat effect to tungsten are briefly summarized. For DEMO, effects of steady-state operation and heavy neutron irradiation are important subjects to investigate. Present understandings on these are briefly summarized. Finally, issues of helical system towards DEMO will be discussed.


Keywords

plasma facing material, graphite, tungsten, helium effect, neutron effect, deposition control, surface protective coating

DOI: 10.1585/pfr.5.S1009


References

  • [1] J. Roth, E. Tsitrone, T. Loarer, V. Philipps, S. Brezinsek, A. Loarte, G. Counsell, R. Doerner, K. Schmid, O. Ogorodnikova and R. Causey, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 50, 103001 (20pp) (2008).
  • [2] J. Linke et al., presented at ICFRM13 (Nice, 2007).
  • [3] N. Yoshida H. Iwakiri, K. Tokunaga and T. Baba, J. Nucl. Mater. 337-339, 946 (2005).
  • [4] S. Takamura, N. Ohno, D. Nishijima and S. Kajita, Plasma Fusion Res. 1, 051 (2006).
  • [5] M.J. Baldwin and R.P. Doerner, Nucl. Fusion 48, 035001 (2008).
  • [6] D. Nishijima, K. Amano, N. Ohno, N. Yoshida and S. Takamura, J. Plasma Fusion Res. 81, 703 (2005).
  • [7] Y. Ueda, M. Fukumoto, J. Yoshida, Y. Ohtsuka, R. Akiyoshi, H. Iwakiri and N. Yoshida, J. Nucl. Mater. 386-388, 725 (2009).
  • [8] A. Raffray, D. Haynes and F. Najmabadi, J. Nucl. Mater. 313-316, 23 (2003).
  • [9] G. Federici, J.N. Brooks, D.P. Coster, G. Janeschitz, A. Kukuskhin, A. Loarte, H.D. Pacher, J. Stober and C.H. Wu, J. Nucl. Mater. 290-293, 260 (2001).
  • [10] Y. Ueda, M. Toda, M. Nishikawa, K. Kondo and K.A. Tanaka, Fusion Eng. Des. 82, 1904 (2007).
  • [11] A.R. Raffray, L. El-Guebaly, S. Malang, I. Sviatoslavsky, M.S. Tillack and X. Wang, Fusion Eng. Des. 82, 217 (2007).
  • [12] H. Takenaga, T. Nakano, N. Asakura, H. Kubo, S. Konoshima, K. Shimizu, K. Tsuzuki, K. Masaki, T. Tanabe, S. Ide and T. Fujita, Nucl. Fusion 46, S39 (2006).
  • [13] J. Bucalossi, C. Brosset, B. Pégourié, E. Tsitrone, E. Dufour, A. Eckedahl, A. Geraud, M. Goniche, J. Gunn, T. Loarer, P. Monier-Garbet, J.C. Vallet and S. Vartanian, J. Nucl. Mater. 363-365, 759 (2007).
  • [14] Y. Ueda, K. Tobita and Y. Katoh, J. Nucl. Mater. 313-316, 32 (2003).
  • [15] T. Noda , M. Fujita and M. Okada, J. Nucl. Mater. 258-263, 934 (1998).
  • [16] M. Fujitsuka, B. Tsuchiya, I. Mutoh, T. Tanabe and T. Shikama, J. Nucl. Mater. 283-287, 1148 (2000).
  • [17] H. Kurishita, S. Matsuso, H. Arakawa, T. Hirai, J. Linke, M. Kawai and N. Yoshida, Advanced Mater. Res. 59, 18 (2009).
  • [18] W.M. Shu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 211904 (2008).
  • [19] M. Miyamoto et al., Nucl. Fusion 49, 065035 (2009).
  • [20] V. Barabash, G. Federici, M. Rodig, L.L. Snead and C.H. Wu, J. Nucl. Mater. 283-287, 138 (2000).
  • [21] T. Munsat, Fusion Eng. Des. 54, 249 (2001).
  • [22] K. Tobita, S. Nishio, M. Enoeda, M. Sato, T. Isono, S. Sakurai, H. Nakamura, S. Sato, S. Suzuki, M. Ando, K. Ezato, T. Hayashi, T. Hayashi, T. Hirose, T. Inoue, Y. Kawamura, N. Koizumi, Y. Kudo, R. Kurihara, T. Kuroda, M. Matsukawa, K. Mouri, Y. Nakamura, M. Nishi, Y. Nomoto, J. Ohmori, N. Oyama, K. Sakamoto, T. Suzuki, M. Takechi, H. Tanigawa, K. Tsuchiya and D. Tsuru, Fusion Eng. Des. 81, 1151 (2006).
  • [23] K. Ezato, S. Suzuki, M. Dairaku and M. Akiba, Fusion Eng. Des. 75-79, 313 (2005).
  • [24] ITER home page, http://www.iter.org/a/index_nav_1.htm
  • [25] A. Sagara, O. Mitarai, S. Imagawa, T. Morisaki, T. Tanaka, N. Mizuguchi, T. Dolan, J. Miyazawa, K. Takahata, H. Chikaraishi, S. Yamada, K. Seo, R. Sakamoto, S. Masuzaki, T. Muroga, H. Yamada, S. Fukada, H. Hashizume, K. Yamazaki, T. Mito, O. Kaneko, T. Mutoh, N. Ohyabu, N. Noda, A. Komori, S. Sudo and O. Motojima, Fusion Eng. Des. 81, 2703 (2006).
  • [26] M. Kobayashi, Y. Feng, S. Morita, K. Sato, M.B. Chowdhuri, S. Masuzaki, M. Shoji, Y. Nakamura, M. Tokitani, N. Ohyabu, M. Goto, T. Morisaki, I. Yamada, K. Narihara, N. Ashikawa, H. Yamada, A. Komori and O. Motojima, Plasma Fusion Res. 3, S1005 (2008).

This paper may be cited as follows:

Yoshio UEDA, Plasma Fusion Res. 5, S1009 (2010).