[Table of Contents]

Plasma and Fusion Research

Volume 5, S1005 (2010)

Regular Articles


Experimental Confinement Studies Beyond ITER
Akihide FUJISAWA
National Institute for Fusion Science, Oroshi-cho, Toki 509-5292, Japan
(Received 5 January 2009 / Accepted 16 May 2009 / Published 26 March 2010)

Abstract

The advantages of stellarators are discussed with an emphasis on the high density limit more than 10 times higher than that of tokamaks with the equivalent magnetic field strength. The comparison between stellerators and tokamaks in the light of the new paradigm of plasma turbulence and zonal flows is presented to propose a new optimization principle of magnetic field configuration. The roles of low-temperature devices should be recognized for further understanding of the plasma confinement even in the era of burning state plasmas


Keywords

tokamak, stellerator, density limit, zonal flow, flow damping, principle of configuration optimization, low temperature device

DOI: 10.1585/pfr.5.S1005


References

  • [1] M. Gryaznevich et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3972 (1998).
  • [2] M. Murakami et al., Nucl. Fusion 16, 347 (1976).
  • [3] M. Greenwald et al., Nucl. Fusion 28, 2199 (1988).
  • [4] D.L. Brower et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 200 (1991).
  • [5] S. Sudo et al., Nucl. Fusion 30, 11 (1990).
  • [6] J. Miyazawa et al., Nucl. Fusion 48, 015003 (2008).
  • [7] B.J. Peterson et al., Nucl. Fusion 41, 519 (2001).
  • [8] L. Giannone et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 42, 603 (2000).
  • [9] N. Ohyabu et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 055002 (2006).
  • [10] R. Sakamoto et al., Nucl. Fusion 46, 884 (2006).
  • [11] K. McCormick et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 015001 (2002).
  • [12] F. Wagner et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 48, A217 (2006).
  • [13] M. Hirsch et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 50, 053001 (2008).
  • [14] K. Ida, M. Yoshinuma, M. Osakabe et al., Phys. Plasmas 16, 056111 (2009).
  • [15] H.E. Mynick, Phys. Plasmas 13, 058102 (2006).
  • [16] L.M. Kovrizhnykh, Nucl. Fusion 24, 435 (1984).
  • [17] D.E. Hastings, Phys. Fluids 27, 935 (1984).
  • [18] A. Fujisawa et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2669 (1999).
  • [19] U. Stroth et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5910 (2001).
  • [20] A. Fujisawa, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 45, R1 (2003).
  • [21] M. Yokoyama et al., Nucl. Fusion 47, 1213 (2007).
  • [22] S.-I. Itoh and K. Itoh, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 2276 (1988).
  • [23] K.C. Shaing and E.C. Crume Jr., Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 2369 (1989).
  • [24] K.C. Shaing et al., Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Nice, 1988 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1989) Vol.2, p.13.
  • [25] H. Biglari et al., Phys. Fluids B 2, 1 (1990).
  • [26] K. Itoh et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 36, 123 (1994).
  • [27] T.S. Hahm and K.H. Burrel, Phys. Plasmas 2, 1648 (1995).
  • [28] Z. Lin et al., Science 281, 1835 (1998).
  • [29] A. Fujisawa et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 1054 (1997).
  • [30] P. H. Diamond et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 47, R35 (2005).
  • [31] A. Fujisawa et al., Nucl. Fusion 47, S718 (2007).
  • [32] J. Nührenberg and R. Zille, Phys. Lett. 114A, 129 (1986).
  • [33] J. Nührenberg and R. Zille, Phys. Lett. 129, 113 (1988).
  • [34] A. Fujisawa et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 165002 (2004).
  • [35] A. Fujisawa et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 49, 211 (2007).
  • [36] A. Fujisawa et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76, 033501 (2007).
  • [37] Y. Nagashima et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 095002 (2005).
  • [38] D.K. Gupta et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 125002 (2006).
  • [39] Y. Hamada et al., Nucl. Fusion 45, 81 (2005).
  • [40] K. Ida et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 58 (1991).
  • [41] K. Ida et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 182 (1992).
  • [42] K. Itoh et al., Phys. Plasmas 14, 020702 (2007).
  • [43] A. Fujisawa et al., Phys. Plasmas 15, 055906 (2008).
  • [44] M.G. Shats et al., Phys. Rev. E 71, 046409 (2005).
  • [45] H. Xia, M.G. Shats and H. Punzman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 255003 (2006).
  • [46] U. Stroth et al., Phys. Plasma 11, 2558 (2004).
  • [47] P. Manz et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 50, 035008 (2008).
  • [48] G.R. Tynan et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 48, S51 (2006).
  • [49] T. Yamada et al., Nature Phys. 4, 721 (2008).
  • [50] H. Tsuchiya et al., Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 50, 055005 (2008).

This paper may be cited as follows:

Akihide FUJISAWA, Plasma Fusion Res. 5, S1005 (2010).