Plasma and Fusion Research

Volume 7, 2502055 (2012)

Overview Articles


Microwave Reflectometry Diagnostics: Present Day Systems and Challenges for Future Devices
Teresa ESTRADA1,2), Kazunobu NAGASAKI1), Emilio BLANCO2), Germán PEREZ2) and Victor TRIBALDOS3)
1)
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
2)
Laboratorio Nacional de Fusión. As. Euratom-CIEMAT, 28040 Madrid, Spain
3)
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Leganés, Madrid, Spain
(Received 27 November 2011 / Accepted 23 March 2012 / Published 13 September 2012)

Abstract

Microwave reflectometry technique has experienced significant advances in the last two decades becoming a very attractive diagnostic presently used in almost all fusion devices. This technique allows measuring electron density profiles, plasma instabilities, turbulence and radial electric fields with excellent spatial and temporal resolution. Although it is not straightforward, the extension of reflectometry to future devices is possible partially due to the limited access needed to accommodate the antennas inside the vacuum vessel keeping the sensitive elements as microwave sources and detectors outside the radiation area. However, in order to achieve a good diagnostic performance, limitations related to relativistic effects, intense neutron- and γ-radiation and long pulse operation have to be considered in the reflectometer design phase.


Keywords

radio-frequency and microwave measurements, tokamak, stellarator, steady-state operation

DOI: 10.1585/pfr.7.2502055


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This paper may be cited as follows:

Teresa ESTRADA, Kazunobu NAGASAKI, Emilio BLANCO, Germán PEREZ and Victor TRIBALDOS, Plasma Fusion Res. 7, 2502055 (2012).